Hi Sebastien, if you could help us update the benchmark, that would be great! Thanks - Ioi On 10/2/25 2:52 AM, Sebastien Deleuze wrote:

For the Spring Petclinic demo, I am not sure yet about the reason for it to be an outlier, but I would suggest to:  - Update to a more recent commit than the outdated one (see https://github.com/openjdk/leyden/blob/premain/test/hotspot/jtreg/premain/sp...)  - Leverage the CDS/AOT cache friendly unpacking feature (available as of Spring Boot 3.3) https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/reference/packaging/efficient.html  - Use a more production-like arrangement by avoiding creating the database schema at startup

Spring-boot Getting Started Demo should be also updated to a more recent version and use the CDS/AOT cache friendly unpacking feature.

I suggest we collaborate on that.

On Tue, Sep 30, 2025 at 9:49 PM <ioi.lam@oracle.com> wrote:

I've updated the benchmark numbers using the latest premain tip (as of 2025/09/30):

https://github.com/openjdk/leyden/blob/premain/README.md#premain-aot-cache-s...

There's quite a bit of improvement due to the new compiler tuning changes by Aleksey. I also added a "2 cores only" mode to emulate microservices that are allocated very few CPUs.

Here are the results of {premain AOT} vs {JDK 25, no CDS, no AOT}. Note that premain is generally much more beneficial with the 2 Cores Only case, except for PetClinic:

Benchmark        Desktop/Server Class (28 Cores)   2 Cores Only *---------------------------------------------------------------------------- *Helidon Quick Start                3.59x     4.11x  ++ JavacBenchApp 50 source files      2.21x 3.17x  ++++ Micronaut First App Demo           2.91x 4.90x  +++++++ Quarkus Getting Started Demo       2.97x 3.74x  +++ Spring-boot Getting Started Demo   4.13x 4.70x  ++ Spring PetClinic Demo              3.33x 3.03x  -- ???

Changes from last time ( https://github.com/openjdk/leyden/blob/46e03d000efd1b2784ad4dcd4c83310ace498... )

The 2 Core Only case see a lot of improvements with the compiler tuning. PetClinic is again an outlier.

Benchmark           Desktop/Server Class (28 Cores)   2 Cores Only ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Helidon Quick Start                3.60 -> 3.59x  ~     3.53 -> 4.11x  ++ JavacBenchApp 50 source files      2.17 -> 2.21x  ~     2.74 -> 3.17x  ++ Micronaut First App Demo           2.85 -> 2.91x  +     4.39 -> 4.90x  ++ Quarkus Getting Started Demo       2.73 -> 2.97x  ++    2.95 -> 3.74x  +++ Spring-boot Getting Started Demo   3.96 -> 4.13x  ++    3.70 -> 4.70x  +++ Spring PetClinic Demo              3.24 -> 3.33x  +     3.04 -> 3.03x  ~

(The +, -, ~ are calculated by my eyeballs so not very scientific :-)