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<p><br>
</p>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 14/03/2024 22:05, Guy Steele wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:E65EA9D5-312B-4A39-99F7-013D70C6E62C@oracle.com">
<div>Is your intent that a string interpolation literal would have
a type other than String? If so, I agree that this is a third
option—with the consequence that each API designer now needs to
contemplate three-way overloading.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>If that is not your intent, then I am not seeing how the
prefix helps—so please explain?</div>
</blockquote>
<p>Let's go back to the example I mentioned:</p>
<div class="markdown-here-wrapper" data-md-url="">
<pre style="font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em; margin-top: 1.2em; margin-bottom: 1.2em;"><code style="font-size: 0.85em; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; margin: 0px 0.15em; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); overflow: auto; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 0.5em 0.7em; display: block !important;">String.format("Hello, my name is %s\{name}"); // can you spot the bug?
</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="markdown-here-wrapper" data-md-url="">There's a string
with an embedded expression here. The compiler might require a
prefix here (e.g. do you want a string, or a string template?). If
no prefix is added (as in the above code) it might just be an
error, and this won't compile.</div>
<div class="markdown-here-wrapper" data-md-url=""><br>
</div>
<div class="markdown-here-wrapper" data-md-url="">This means that if
I do:</div>
<div class="markdown-here-wrapper" data-md-url="">
<div class="markdown-here-wrapper" data-md-url="">
<pre style="font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em; margin-top: 1.2em; margin-bottom: 1.2em;"><code style="font-size: 0.85em; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; margin: 0px 0.15em; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); overflow: auto; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 0.5em 0.7em; display: block !important;">String.format(INTERPOLATED"Hello, my name is %s\{name}");
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<p></p>
<p>I will select String.format(String, Object...) - but I will do so
deliberately - it's not just what happens "by default" (as was the
case before).</p>
<p>Or, if I want the template version, I do:</p>
<pre style="font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em; margin-top: 1.2em; margin-bottom: 1.2em;"><code style="font-size: 0.85em; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; margin: 0px 0.15em; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); overflow: auto; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 0.5em 0.7em; display: block !important;">String.format(TEMPLATE"Hello, my name is %s\{name}");</code></pre>
<p></p>
<p>Basically, requiring all literals that have embedded expression
to have a prefix removes the problem of defaulting on the String
side of the fence. Then, personally I'd also prefer if the default
was actually on the StringTemplate side of the fence, so that the
above was actually identical to this:</p>
<pre style="font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em; margin-top: 1.2em; margin-bottom: 1.2em;"><code style="font-size: 0.85em; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; margin: 0px 0.15em; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); overflow: auto; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 0.5em 0.7em; display: block !important;">String.format("Hello, my name is %s\{name}"); // ok, this is a template</code></pre>
<p></p>
<p>Note that these two prefixes might also come in handy when
disambiguating a literal with no embedded expressions. Only, in
that case the default would point the other way.</p>
<p>To summarize:</p>
<ul>
<li>template literal with arguments -> defaults to
StringTemplate. User can ask interpolation explicitly, by adding
a prefix</li>
<li>template literal w/o arguments -> defaults to String. User
can ask a degenerate template explicitly, by adding a prefix</li>
</ul>
<p>This doesn't sound too bad, and it feels like it has the defaults
pointing the right way?<br>
</p>
<p>Maurizio<br>
</p>
<blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:E65EA9D5-312B-4A39-99F7-013D70C6E62C@oracle.com">
<div>
</div>
<div>Thanks,</div>
<div>Guy</div>
<div><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div>On Mar 14, 2024, at 6:00 PM, Maurizio Cimadamore
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:maurizio.cimadamore@oracle.com"><maurizio.cimadamore@oracle.com></a> wrote:</div>
<br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
<div>
<div>
<p><br>
</p>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 14/03/2024 19:39, Guy
Steele wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:F217B131-C5FD-4587-B251-06760F08DD36@oracle.com">
This is a very important example to consider. I observe,
however, that there are at least two possible ways to
avoid the unpleasant surprise:
<div><br>
</div>
<div>(1) Don't have string interpolation literals,
because accidentally using a string interpolation
literal instead of a string template literals can
result in invoking the wrong overload of a method.</div>
<div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>(2) Don’t overload methods so as to accept either
a string or a string template.</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<p>I agree with your analysis, but note that there is also
a third option:</p>
<p>(3) make it so that both string interpolation literal
and string template literal have a prefix.</p>
<p>I believe that is enough to solve the issue (because
the program I wrote would no longer compile: the
compiler would require an explicit prefix).<br>
</p>
<p>Maurizio<br>
</p>
<blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:F217B131-C5FD-4587-B251-06760F08DD36@oracle.com">
<div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>If we were to take approach (2), then:</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>(a) We would keep `println` as is, and not allow
it to accept a template, but that’s okay—if you
thought you wanted a template, what you really want
is plan old string interpolation, and the type
checking will make sure you don't use the wrong one.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>
<div>(b) A SQL processor would accept a template but
not a string—if you thought you wanted string
interpolation, what you really want is a template,
and the type checking will make sure you don't use
the wrong one.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>(c) I think `format` is a special case that we
tend to get hung up on, and I think that, in this
particular branch of the design space we are
exploring, perhaps a name other than
`String.format` should be chosen for the method
that does string formatting on templates. Possible
names are `StringTemplate.format` and
`String.format$`, but I will leave further
bikeshedding on this to others. I do recognize
that this move will not enable the type system per
se to absolutely prevent programmers from writing</div>
<div class="markdown-here-wrapper" data-md-url="">
<pre style="font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em; margin-top: 1.2em; margin-bottom: 1.2em;"><code style="font-size: 0.85em; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; margin: 0px 0.15em; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); overflow: auto; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 0.5em 0.7em; display: block !important;">String.format("Hello, my name is %s{name}"); // can you spot the bug?
</code></pre>
</div>
<div>but, as Clement has observed, such cases will
probably provoke a warning about a mismatch
between the number of arguments and the number of
%-specifiers that require parameters, so maybe
overloading would be okay anyway for
`String.format`.</div>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Anyway, my point is that whether to overload a
method to accept either a string or a string
template can be evaluated on a case-by-case basis
according to a small number of principles that I
think we could enumerate and explain pretty easily.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>—Guy</div>
<div>
<div><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div>On Mar 14, 2024, at 1:40 PM, Maurizio
Cimadamore <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:maurizio.cimadamore@oracle.com" moz-do-not-send="true">
<maurizio.cimadamore@oracle.com></a>
wrote:</div>
<br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
<div>
<div>
<div class="markdown-here-wrapper" data-md-url="" style="">
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.2em !important;">Not to pour too much cold
water on the idea of having string
interpolation literal, but I’d like to
mention a few points here.</p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.2em !important;">First, it was a deliberate
design goal of the string template
feature to make interpolation an
explicit act. Note that, if we had the
syntax you describe, we actually achieve
the opposite effect: string
interpolation is now the default, and
implicit, and actually <em>cheaper</em>
(to type) than the safer template
alternative. This is a bit of a red
herring, I think.</p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.2em !important;">The second problem is that
interpolation literals can sometimes be
deceiving. Consider this example:</p>
<pre style="font-size: 0.85em; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em;margin: 1.2em 0px;"><code style="font-size: 0.85em; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;margin: 0px 0.15em; padding: 0px 0.3em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); border-radius: 3px; display: inline;white-space: pre; overflow: auto; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 0.5em 0.7em; display: block !important;">String.format("Hello, my name is %s{name}"); // can you spot the bug?
</code></pre>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.2em !important;">Where <code style="font-size: 0.85em; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;margin: 0px 0.15em; padding: 0px 0.3em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); border-radius: 3px; display: inline;">
String::format</code> has a new overload which accepts a StringTemplate.</p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.2em !important;">Basically, since here we
forgot the leading “$” (or whatever char
that is), the whole thing is just a big
interpolation. Semantically equivalent
to:</p>
<pre style="font-size: 0.85em; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em;margin: 1.2em 0px;"><code style="font-size: 0.85em; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;margin: 0px 0.15em; padding: 0px 0.3em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); border-radius: 3px; display: inline;white-space: pre; overflow: auto; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 0.5em 0.7em; display: block !important;"> String.format("Hello, my name is %s" + name); // whoops!
</code></pre>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.2em !important;">This will fail, as <code style="font-size: 0.85em; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;margin: 0px 0.15em; padding: 0px 0.3em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); border-radius: 3px; display: inline;">
String::format</code> will be waiting for an argument (a string), but
none is provided. So:</p>
<pre style="font-size: 0.85em; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em;margin: 1.2em 0px;"><code style="font-size: 0.85em; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;margin: 0px 0.15em; padding: 0px 0.3em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); border-radius: 3px; display: inline;white-space: pre; overflow: auto; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 0.5em 0.7em; display: block !important;">| Exception java.util.MissingFormatArgumentException: Format specifier '%s'
| at Formatter.format (Formatter.java:2672)
| at Formatter.format (Formatter.java:2609)
| at String.format (String.java:2897)
| at (#2:1)
</code></pre>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.2em !important;">This is a very odd (and new!)
failure mode, that I’m sure is gonna
surprise developers.</p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.2em !important;">Maurizio</p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.2em !important;">On 14/03/2024 15:08, Guy
Steele wrote:</p>
<div style="margin: 0px 0px 1.2em !important;"><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
<div class="markdown-here-exclude">
<div><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
<blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:3F8C64A7-BEB8-4BA2-A9B1-E00C14578B28@oracle.com">
<pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">Second thoughts about how to explain a string interpolation literal:
</pre>
<blockquote type="cite">
<pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">On Mar 13, 2024, at 2:02 PM, Guy Steele <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:guy.steele@oracle.com" moz-do-not-send="true"><guy.steele@oracle.com></a> wrote:
. . .
—————————
String is not a subtype of StringTemplate; they are disjoint types.
$”foo” is a (trivial) string template literal
“foo” is a string literal
$”Hello, \{x}” is a (nontrivial) string template literal
“Hello, \{x}” is a shorthand (expanded by the compiler) for `String.of($“Hello, \{x}”)`
—————————
</pre>
</blockquote>
<pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">Given that the intent is that String.of (or whatever we want to call it—possibly the `interpolation` instance method of class `StringTemplate` rather than a static method `String.of`) should just do standard string concatenation, we might be better off just saying that a string interpolation literal is expanded by the compiler into uses of “+”; for example,
“Hello, \{x}.”
(I have added a period to the example to make the point clearer) is expanded into
“Hello, “ + x + “.”
and in general
“c0\{e1}c1\{e2}c2…\{en}cn”
(where each ck is a possibly empty sequence of string characters and each ek is an expression) is expanded into
“c0” + (e1) + “c1” + (e2) + “c2” + … + (en) + “cn”
The point is that, with this definition, “c0\{e1}c1\{e2}c2…\{en}cn” is a constant expression iff every ek is a constant expression. This is handy for interpolating constant variables into a string that is itself intended to be constant.
—Guy
</pre>
</blockquote>
<div><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0px 1.2em !important;"><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
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