RFR: JDK-8302599: Extend ASan support to Microsoft Visual C++

[Justin King]

Update build-related infrastructure to support building with ASan under Microsoft Visual C++.

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Commit messages:
 - Move comment to appropriate location
 - Use elif instead of separate if
 - Only pass -fsanitize=address to linker for Clang/GCC
 - Update asan_default_options.c with MSVC-specific extensions
 - Support using ASan with MSVC

Changes: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/12580/files
 Webrev: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=12580&range=00
  Issue: https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8302599
  Stats: 25 lines in 2 files changed: 18 ins; 0 del; 7 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/12580.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk pull/12580/head:pull/12580

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/12580