RFR: 8347474: Options singleton is used before options are parsed [v2]

[Archie Cobbs]

> This PR proposes some cleanup/refactoring relating to startup ordering issues in the compiler.
> 
> Please see the follow-up comment for a more complete description (trying to keep the first comment short).

Archie Cobbs has updated the pull request incrementally with one additional commit since the last revision:

  Add regression test.

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Changes:
  - all: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/23056/files
  - new: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/23056/files/d19e9e37..c1639b80

Webrevs:
 - full: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=23056&range=01
 - incr: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=23056&range=00-01

  Stats: 94 lines in 1 file changed: 94 ins; 0 del; 0 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/23056.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk.git pull/23056/head:pull/23056

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/23056