RFR(s): 8244659: Improve ZipFile.getInputStream

Claes Redestad claes.redestad at oracle.com
Tue May 12 13:41:34 UTC 2020


Hi Volker,

I think this look like a nice improvement!

One high-level concern I have with the design is that this will add and
retain (at least) one 64k buffer to each Jar-/ZipFile we've read a
stream from. We routinely see apps reading classes from 100s of jar
files on their class path, so this could add noticeable overhead to the
baseline retained memory usage of such applications.

Have you considered other strategies such as making the cache global?
Since a (the?) common usage pattern is likely a single thread repeatedly
reading resources from a series of jar files, contention on such a
global cache is likely going to be very low, while likely reducing the
total number of buffers we have to allocate and retain to single-digit
numbers. I don't insist on a re-design, but it shouldn't be hard to
prototype and run some numbers on it.

Minor random comments:

Since you're not assigning null to bufferCache anywhere, this field
could be final and the null-check in releaseBuffer removed.

Pre-existing, but I wonder if there's a good reason to assign null to
the inflaterCache in the run() method. Seems like trying to do the GCs
job.. It could probably be removed, the field made final and the null
check removed in the same way.

On 2020-05-08 17:36, Volker Simonis wrote:
>   Hi,
> 
> can I please have a review for the following small enhancement which
> improves the speed of reading from ZipFile.getInputStream() by ~5%:
> 
> http://cr.openjdk.java.net/~simonis/webrevs/2020/8244659/
> https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-8244659
> 
> ZipFile.getInputStream() tries to find a good size for sizing the internal
> buffer of the underlying InflaterInputStream. This buffer is used to read
> the compressed data from the associated InputStream. Unfortunately,
> ZipFile.getInputStream() uses CENLEN (i.e. the uncompressed size of a
> ZipEntry) instead of CENSIZ (i.e. the compressed size of a ZipEntry) to
> configure the input buffer and thus unnecessarily wastes memory, because
> the corresponding, compressed input data is at most CENSIZ bytes long.
> 
> After fixing this and doing some benchmarks, I realized that a much bigger
> problem is the continuous allocation of new, temporary input buffers for
> each new input stream. Assuming that a zip files usually has hundreds if
> not thousands of ZipEntries, I think it makes sense to cache these input
> buffers. Fortunately, ZipFile already has a built-in mechanism for such
> caching which it uses for caching the Inflaters needed for each new input
> stream. In order to cache the buffers as well, I had to add a new ,
> package-private constructor to InflaterInputStream. I'm not sure if it
> makes sense to make this new constructor public, to enable other users of
> InflaterInputStream to pre-allocate the buffer. If you think so, I'd be
> happy to do that change and open a CSR for this issue.

This could be interesting for some non-ZipFile use cases such as reading
gzipped content from network streams - but I think considering making it
public should be done separately - along with some use case to motivate
it - and not hold back this RFE.

Thanks!

/Claes

> 
> Adding a cache for input stream buffers increases the speed of reading
> ZipEntries from an InputStream by roughly 5% (see benchmark results below).
> More importantly, it also decreases the memory consumption for each call to
> ZipFile.getInputStream() which can be quite significant if many ZipEntries
> are read from a ZipFile. One visible effect of caching the input buffers is
> that the manual JTreg test java/util/zip/ZipFile/TestZipFile.java, which
> regularly failed on my desktop with an OutOfMemoryError before, now
> reliably passes (this tests calls ZipFile.getInputStream() excessively).
> 
> I've experimented with different buffer sizes (even with buffer sizes
> depending on the size of the compressed ZipEntries), but couldn't see any
> difference so I decided to go with a default buffer size of 65536 which
> already was the maximal buffer size in use before my change.
> 
> I've also added a shortcut to Inflater which prevents us doing a native
> call down to libz's inflate() method every time we call Inflater.inflate()
> with "input == ZipUtils.defaultBuf" which is the default for every newly
> created Inflater and for Inflaters after "Inflater.reset()" has been called
> on them.
> 
> Following some JMH benchmark results which show the time and memory used to
> read all bytes from a ZipEntry before and after this change. The 'size'
> parameter denotes the uncompressed size of the corresponding ZipEntries.
> 
> In the "BEFORE" numbers, when looking at the "gc.alloc.rate.norm" values,
> you can see the anomaly caused by using CENLEN instead of CENSIZ in
> ZipFile.getInputStream(). I.e. getInputStream() chooses to big buffers
> because it looks at the uncompressed ZipEntry sizes which are ~ 6 times
> bigger than the compressed sizes. Also, the old implementation capped
> buffers bigger than 65536 to 8192 bytes.
> 
> The memory savings for a call to getInputStream() are obviously the effect
> of repetadly calling getInputStream() on the same zip file (becuase only in
> that case, the caching of the input buffers pays of). But as I wrote
> before, I think it is common to have mor then a few entries in a zip file
> and even if not, the overhead of caching is minimal compared to the
> situation we had before the change.
> 
> Thank you and best regards,
> Volker
> 
> = BEFORE 8244659 =
> Benchmark                                                          (size)
> Mode  Cnt      Score     Error   Units
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes                                   1024
> avgt    3     13.577 ±   0.540   us/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.alloc.rate.norm               1024
> avgt    3   1872.673 ±   0.317    B/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.count                         1024
> avgt    3     57.000            counts
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.time                          1024
> avgt    3     15.000                ms
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes                                   4096
> avgt    3     20.938 ±   0.577   us/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.alloc.rate.norm               4096
> avgt    3   4945.793 ±   0.493    B/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.count                         4096
> avgt    3    102.000            counts
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.time                          4096
> avgt    3     25.000                ms
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes                                  16384
> avgt    3     51.348 ±   2.600   us/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.alloc.rate.norm              16384
> avgt    3  17238.030 ±   3.183    B/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.count                        16384
> avgt    3    144.000            counts
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.time                         16384
> avgt    3     33.000                ms
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes                                  65536
> avgt    3    203.082 ±   7.046   us/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.alloc.rate.norm              65536
> avgt    3   9035.475 ±   7.426    B/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.count                        65536
> avgt    3     18.000            counts
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.time                         65536
> avgt    3      5.000                ms
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes                                 262144
> avgt    3    801.928 ±  22.474   us/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.alloc.rate.norm             262144
> avgt    3   9034.192 ±   0.047    B/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.count                       262144
> avgt    3      3.000            counts
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.time                        262144
> avgt    3      1.000                ms
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes                                1048576
> avgt    3   3154.747 ±  57.588   us/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.alloc.rate.norm            1048576
> avgt    3   9032.194 ±   0.004    B/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.count                      1048576
> avgt    3        ≈ 0            counts
> 
> = AFTER 8244659 =
> Benchmark                                                          (size)
> Mode  Cnt     Score    Error   Units
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes                                   1024
> avgt    3    13.031 ±  0.452   us/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.alloc.rate.norm               1024
> avgt    3   824.311 ±  0.027    B/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.count                         1024
> avgt    3    27.000           counts
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.time                          1024
> avgt    3     7.000               ms
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes                                   4096
> avgt    3    20.018 ±  0.805   us/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.alloc.rate.norm               4096
> avgt    3   824.289 ±  0.722    B/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.count                         4096
> avgt    3    15.000           counts
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.time                          4096
> avgt    3     4.000               ms
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes                                  16384
> avgt    3    48.916 ±  1.140   us/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.alloc.rate.norm              16384
> avgt    3   824.263 ±  0.008    B/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.count                        16384
> avgt    3     6.000           counts
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.time                         16384
> avgt    3     1.000               ms
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes                                  65536
> avgt    3   192.815 ±  4.102   us/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.alloc.rate.norm              65536
> avgt    3   824.012 ±  0.001    B/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.count                        65536
> avgt    3       ≈ 0           counts
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes                                 262144
> avgt    3   755.713 ± 42.408   us/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.alloc.rate.norm             262144
> avgt    3   824.047 ±  0.003    B/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.count                       262144
> avgt    3       ≈ 0           counts
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes                                1048576
> avgt    3  2989.236 ±  8.808   us/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.alloc.rate.norm            1048576
> avgt    3   824.184 ±  0.002    B/op
> ZipFileGetInputStream.readAllBytes:·gc.count                      1048576
> avgt    3       ≈ 0           counts
> 


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