RFR: 8340205: Native linker allows MemoryLayout consisting of only PaddingLayout [v17]

[Per Minborg]

> This PR prevents sequence layout with padding to be used with the Linker.

Per Minborg has updated the pull request with a new target base due to a merge or a rebase. The incremental webrev excludes the unrelated changes brought in by the merge/rebase. The pull request contains 36 additional commits since the last revision:

 - Update after comments
 - Merge branch 'master' into linker-padding-layout-only
 - Fix failing test
 - Merge branch 'master' into linker-padding-layout-only
 - Update after comments
 - Merge branch 'master' into linker-padding-layout-only
 - Simplify exception testing
 - Merge branch 'master' into linker-padding-layout-only
 - Remove redundant check
 - Rephrase doc
 - ... and 26 more: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/compare/502056b1...28b3ad6d

-------------

Changes:
  - all: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/21041/files
  - new: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/21041/files/69e6593d..28b3ad6d

Webrevs:
 - full: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=21041&range=16
 - incr: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=21041&range=15-16

  Stats: 85917 lines in 1414 files changed: 40952 ins; 38279 del; 6686 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/21041.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk.git pull/21041/head:pull/21041

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/21041