RFR: 8351565: Implement JEP 502: Stable Values (Preview) [v27]

[Per Minborg]

On Wed, 2 Apr 2025 14:58:35 GMT, Maurizio Cimadamore <mcimadamore at openjdk.org> wrote:

>> There are two fundamental variants. One with `CACHED_SIZE` (for list and int function) and one with `CACHED_KEYS` (for map and function).
>
> Yes - but they cache different things -- the first caches results for values 0-9 -- the second cached results for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32.

That was intentional as the list is always `0..size` whereas a map can use arbitrary inputs. Is there a better way to illustrate this than what we have now?

-------------

PR Review Comment: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/23972#discussion_r2026797215