RFR: 8343962: [REDO] Move getChars to DecimalDigits [v14]

[Shaojin Wen]

> This PR is a resubmission after PR #21593 was rolled back, and the unsafe offset overflow issue has been fixed.
> 
> 1) Move getChars methods of StringLatin1 and StringUTF16 to DecimalDigits to reduce duplication.
> 
> 2) HexDigits and OctalDigits also include getCharsLatin1 and getCharsUTF16
> 
> 3) Putting these two methods into DecimalDigits can avoid the need to expose them in JavaLangAccess
> Eliminate duplicate code in BigDecimal
> 
> 4) This PR will improve the performance of Integer/Long.toString and StringBuilder.append(int/long) scenarios. This is because Unsafe.putByte is used to eliminate array bounds checks, and of course this elimination is safe. In previous versions, in Integer/Long.toString and StringBuilder.append(int/long) scenarios, -COMPACT_STRING performed better than +COMPACT_STRING. This is because StringUTF16.getChars uses StringUTF16.putChar, which is similar to Unsafe.putChar, and there is no bounds check.

Shaojin Wen has updated the pull request with a new target base due to a merge or a rebase. The incremental webrev excludes the unrelated changes brought in by the merge/rebase. The pull request contains 29 additional commits since the last revision:

 - Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master' into int_get_chars_dedup_202411
 - fix comments
 - use putCharUnaligned
 - bug fix
 - from rgiulietti
 - Coding style consistency, from rgiulietti
 - fix benchmark, from rgiulietti
 - Coding style consistency, from rgiulietti
 - fix comment
 - fix comment, from @rgiulietti
 - ... and 19 more: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/compare/4cf3f394...be1f88ab

-------------

Changes:
  - all: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/22023/files
  - new: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/22023/files/960e279e..be1f88ab

Webrevs:
 - full: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=22023&range=13
 - incr: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=22023&range=12-13

  Stats: 70224 lines in 2661 files changed: 35172 ins; 22132 del; 12920 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/22023.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk.git pull/22023/head:pull/22023

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/22023