RFR: 8372134: ThreadLocalRandom no longer overrides nextGaussian [v5]

[Viktor Klang]

On Thu, 27 Nov 2025 13:46:19 GMT, James Yuzawa <duke at openjdk.org> wrote:

>> I have noticed in Java 25 (and earlier versions) that calling `ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextGaussian()` uses the Random.nextGaussian() implementation, which is synchronized. Under heavy load in a multithreaded environment, I was detecting lock contention.
>> 
>> Here is a very simple reproducer:
>> 
>> ThreadLocalRandom r = ThreadLocalRandom.current();
>> // step into this call using a debugger
>> r.nextGaussian();
>> 
>> 
>> It dispatches to the synchronized Random implementation, since ThreadLocalRandom extends Random, thus the default implementation (not synchronizing) on RandomGenerator is not used.
>> 
>> Sketch:
>> 
>> public interface RandomGenerator {
>> 	default double nextGaussian() {
>> 		// remove TAOCP comment since it is out of date, and this uses the ziggurat algorithm instead
>> 		return RandomSupport.computeNextGaussian(this);
>> 	}
>> }
>> 
>> public class Random implements RandomGenerator {
>> 	@Override
>> 	public synchronized double nextGaussian() {
>> 		// synchronized version ...
>> 	}
>> }
>> 
>> public class ThreadLocalRandom extends Random {
>> 
>> 	// ADD THIS
>> 	@Override
>> 	public double nextGaussian() {
>> 		return RandomSupport.computeNextGaussian(this);
>> 	}
>> }
>> 
>> 
>> A comment on ThreadLocalRandom states "This implementation of ThreadLocalRandom overrides the definition of the nextGaussian() method in the class Random, and instead uses the ziggurat-based algorithm that is the default for the RandomGenerator interface.” However, there is none such override happening. It appears that prior to a0ec2cb289463969509fe508836e3faf789f46d8 the nextGaussian implementation was non-locking since it used proper ThreadLocals.
>> 
>> I conducted an audit of all of the RandomGenerator and Random methods to see if there are any others:
>> 
>> 
>> Set<String> tlrMethods = new HashSet<>();
>> for (Method method : java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom.class.getDeclaredMethods()) {
>> 	int mod = method.getModifiers();
>> 	if (!Modifier.isStatic(mod) && Modifier.isPublic(mod)) {
>> 		String desc =
>> 				method.getReturnType() + " " + method.getName() + " " + Arrays.toString(method.getParameters());
>> 		tlrMethods.add(desc);
>> 	}
>> }
>> for (Method method : java.util.Random.class.getDeclaredMethods()) {
>> 	int mod = method.getModifiers();
>> 	if (!Modifier.isStatic(mod) && Modifier.isPublic(mod)) {
>> 		String desc =
>> 				method.getReturnType() + " " + method.getName() + " " + Arrays.toString(method.getParameters());
>> 		if (!tlrMethods.contains(desc)) {
>> 			System.out.println(...
>
> James Yuzawa has updated the pull request incrementally with one additional commit since the last revision:
> 
>   8372134: ThreadLocalRandom no longer overrides nextGaussian
>   
>   Update copyright header

Thanks for doing this, @yuzawa-san!

-------------

Marked as reviewed by vklang (Reviewer).

PR Review: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/28483#pullrequestreview-3515702055