RFR: 8367603: Optimize exact division in BigDecimal [v23]

[fabioromano1]

> A formula to lower the overestimate for the precision of an exact quotient, without introducing too expensive operations of division on numerator and denominator.

fabioromano1 has updated the pull request with a new target base due to a merge or a rebase. The incremental webrev excludes the unrelated changes brought in by the merge/rebase. The pull request contains 28 additional commits since the last revision:

 - Merge branch 'openjdk:master' into big-decimal-exact-divide
 - Simplification
 - Update DivideTests.java
 - Added tests for extreme scale cases
 - Code simplification
 - Avoid incorrect results when the preferred scale exceeds int range
 - Review's changes
 - Minor change
 - Code simplification
 - Avoid overflow of result's scale
 - ... and 18 more: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/compare/468387eb...57968657

-------------

Changes:
  - all: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27271/files
  - new: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27271/files/ccd9791a..57968657

Webrevs:
 - full: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=27271&range=22
 - incr: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=27271&range=21-22

  Stats: 219330 lines in 2925 files changed: 167752 ins; 33366 del; 18212 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27271.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk.git pull/27271/head:pull/27271

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27271