RFR: 8367603: Optimize exact division in BigDecimal [v5]

[fabioromano1]

> A formula to lower the overestimate for the precision of an exact quotient, without introducing too expensive operations of division on numerator and denominator.
> [Here is a proof for the formula.](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/22314648/frazioni_decimali.pdf)

fabioromano1 has updated the pull request incrementally with one additional commit since the last revision:

  Avoid overflow of precision

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Changes:
  - all: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27271/files
  - new: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27271/files/4b1f98f3..b3e985c2

Webrevs:
 - full: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=27271&range=04
 - incr: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=27271&range=03-04

  Stats: 2 lines in 1 file changed: 0 ins; 0 del; 2 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27271.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk.git pull/27271/head:pull/27271

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27271