Conflict API definitions of Math.pow(x, 0.5) and Math.sqrt(x) for x={-0.0, Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY}

[jiefu(傅杰)]

Hi all,

I found Math.pow(x, 0.5) and Math.sqrt(x) would compute different values as the following:
```
Math.pow(-0.0, 0.5) = 0.0
Math.sqrt(-0.0) = -0.0

Math.pow(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY, 0.5) = Infinity
Math.sqrt(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY) = NaN
```

The reason is that both of pow and sqrt have special rules for these computations.
For example, this rule [1] specifies Math.pow(-0.0, 0.5) must be 0.0.
And this one [2] specifies Math.sqrt(-0.0) must be -0.0.
And we do have rules for Math.pow(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY, 0.5) = Infinity and Math.sqrt(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY) = NaN too.

I think most people will be confused by these rules because from the view of mathematics, Math.pow(x, 0.5) should be equal to Math.sqrt(x).

So why Java creates conflict special rules for them?
Is it possible to let Math.pow(-0.0, 0.5) = -0.0 and Math.pow(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY, 0.5) = NaN also be allowed?

I came across this problem when I was trying to optimize pow(x, 0.5) with sqrt(x).
If pow(x, 0.5)'s two special rules can be aligned with sqrt(x), then pow(x, 0.5)'s performance can be improved by 7x~14x [3].

Thanks.
Best regards,
Jie

[1] https://github.com/openjdk/jdk/blob/master/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Math.java#L644
[2] https://github.com/openjdk/jdk/blob/master/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Math.java#L385
[3] https://github.com/openjdk/jdk/pull/3404/