RFR: 8354196: C2: reorder and capitalize phase definition

[Manuel Hässig]

This PR performs some cleanup and formatting around the phase definitions in C2:
 - the phase descriptions are capitalized according to the [MLA Handbook title case rules](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Title_case#Modern_Language_Association_(MLA)_Handbook),
 - the phases are reordered to be more or less in the order of execution or occurrence in the code,
 - the definitions in `phasetype.hpp` and `CompilePhase.java` are synced,
 - `CompilePhase.java` is aligned for better readability.

This change was tested on:
 - [x] [Github Actions](https://github.com/mhaessig/jdk/actions/runs/15605662671)
 - [x] tier1 plus some Oracle internal testing

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Commit messages:
 - Align CompilePhase.java
 - Sort phases approximately
 - Synchronize phase definitions
 - Capitalize phase description in MLA title case

Changes: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/25778/files
  Webrev: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=25778&range=00
  Issue: https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8354196
  Stats: 149 lines in 2 files changed: 28 ins; 27 del; 94 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/25778.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk.git pull/25778/head:pull/25778

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/25778