RFR: 8342818: Implement JEP 509: JFR CPU-Time Profiling [v45]

[Johannes Bechberger]

> This is the code for the [JEP 509: CPU Time based profiling for JFR](https://openjdk.org/jeps/509).
> 
> Currently tested using [this test suite](https://github.com/parttimenerd/basic-profiler-tests). This runs profiles the [Renaissance](https://renaissance.dev/) benchmark with
> - ... different heap sizes
> - ... different GCs
> - ... different samplers (the standard JFR and the new CPU Time Sampler and both)
> - ... different JFR recording durations
> - ... different chunk-sizes

Johannes Bechberger has updated the pull request with a new target base due to a merge or a rebase. The pull request now contains 127 commits:

 - Merge branch 'master' into parttimenerd_cooperative_cpu_time_sampler
 - Add error message on signal handler install failure
 - Fix signal handler synchronization
 - Improve
 - Rename autoadapt
 - Make process_cpu_time_request private and move up
 - Reorder condition
 - Tiny refactoring
 - Restrict threads for which timers are created
 - Fix tiny mistake
 - ... and 117 more: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/compare/7838321b...4fd4b673

-------------

Changes: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/25302/files
  Webrev: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=25302&range=44
  Stats: 2308 lines in 39 files changed: 2164 ins; 128 del; 16 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/25302.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk.git pull/25302/head:pull/25302

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/25302