RFR: 8338440: Parallel: Improve fragmentation mitigation in Full GC [v5]

[Albert Mingkun Yang]

> Extend `SplitInfo` to support more fine-grained splitting to mitigate the fragmentation issue during full GC. Added comments and diagrams in the process.
> 
> For easier review, it's best to start with `SplitInfo` and then proceed to see how it is constructed in `summarize_split_space` and consumed in `first_src_addr`. The accompanying diagrams should help create a clear mental image.
> 
> With this patch, the exec time of `runtime/ClassInitErrors/TestOutOfMemoryDuringInit.java` using Parallel drops from ~30s to ~8s, the same as other GCs, and gc-log shows similar number of GC cycles as well.
> 
> Test: tier1-8, systemgc micro bm, CacheStress, dacapo, specjbb2005, specjvm2008

Albert Mingkun Yang has updated the pull request incrementally with one additional commit since the last revision:

  assert

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Changes:
  - all: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/20590/files
  - new: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/20590/files/73598ba8..50cad556

Webrevs:
 - full: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=20590&range=04
 - incr: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=20590&range=03-04

  Stats: 6 lines in 1 file changed: 0 ins; 4 del; 2 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/20590.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk.git pull/20590/head:pull/20590

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/20590