[jdk11u-dev] RFR: 8216137: assert(Compile::current()->live_nodes() < Compile::current()->max_node_limit()) failed: Live Node limit exceeded limit

[Martin Doerr]

Backport of [JDK-8216137](https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-8216137) (including [JDK-8219520](https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-8219520) as in original commit)
loopTransform.cpp (introduction of `AutoNodeBudget`) and loopnode.hpp required manual integration. Rest applies cleanly.

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Commit messages:
 - Backport e08506e6831667c17f1197345261f4c5e34294dc

Changes: https://git.openjdk.java.net/jdk11u-dev/pull/868/files
 Webrev: https://webrevs.openjdk.java.net/?repo=jdk11u-dev&pr=868&range=00
  Issue: https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-8216137
  Stats: 266 lines in 5 files changed: 181 ins; 24 del; 61 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.java.net/jdk11u-dev/pull/868.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.java.net/jdk11u-dev pull/868/head:pull/868

PR: https://git.openjdk.java.net/jdk11u-dev/pull/868