[jdk17u-dev] RFR: 8293107: GHA: Bump to Ubuntu 22.04

[Aleksey Shipilev]

This is a series of commits that bring 17u GHA close to mainline. The root change is Ubuntu 22.04 bump, but that one could not be tested alone, because GHA would be broken due to missing compilers, dependencies, etc. Therefore, I opted to do a bulk PR that contains a series of inter-dependent changes. This PR should bring 17u GHA to the good state, atomically.

The included changes are in separate commits, if you want to review them separately. But it would be easier to see the changes against JDK 22 GHA. There are differences against JDK 22 GHA, but those look minor, not breaking/fixing current GHA, and we can backport separately once we get JDK 17u GHA in shape.

Additional testing:
 - [x] GHA
 - [x] Eyeballing the difference between patched JDK 17u and JDK 22 GHA: [jdk17-jdk22-gha-diff.txt](https://github.com/openjdk/jdk17u-dev/files/12261456/jdk17-jdk22-gha-diff.txt)

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Commit messages:
 - Unclean backport JDK-8313707: GHA: Bootstrap sysroots with --variant=minbase
 - Unclean backport: JDK-8313428: GHA: Bump GCC versions for July 2023 updates
 - Unclean backport JDK-8295213: Run GHA manually with user-specified make and configure arguments
 - Clean backport JDK-8293361: GHA: dump config.log in case of configure failure
 - Unclean backport: JDK-8293107: GHA: Bump to Ubuntu 22.04
 - Unclean backport JDK-8293098: GHA: Harmonize GCC version handling for host and cross builds

Changes: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/1640/files
 Webrev: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk17u-dev&pr=1640&range=00
  Issue: https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8293107
  Stats: 116 lines in 5 files changed: 87 ins; 3 del; 26 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/1640.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev.git pull/1640/head:pull/1640

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/1640