[jdk21u] RFR: 8318183: C2: VM may crash after hitting node limit

[Aleksey Shipilev]

Clean backport to improve C2 reliability.

Additional testing:
 - [x] MacOS AArch64 server fastdebug, `hotspot:tier1`
 - [ ] Linux x86_64 server fastdebug, `tier1 tier2 tier3`

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Commit messages:
 - Backport 31ef400f31b1fd9a861870cce69f6d3eec72aa46

Changes: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk21u/pull/314/files
 Webrev: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk21u&pr=314&range=00
  Issue: https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8318183
  Stats: 26 lines in 8 files changed: 22 ins; 0 del; 4 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk21u/pull/314.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk21u.git pull/314/head:pull/314

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk21u/pull/314