[jdk21u] RFR: 8319120: Unbound ScopedValue.get() throws the wrong exception

[Aleksey Shipilev]

Clean backport to fix a preview feature.

Additional testing:
 - [x] MacOS AArch64 server fastdebug, new regression test fails without the fix, passes with it
 - [x]  MacOS AArch64 server fastdebug, `java/lang/ScopedValue` passes

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Commit messages:
 - Backport ee6f25b5072a26254f79381a92216357d9f391f9

Changes: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk21u/pull/392/files
 Webrev: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk21u&pr=392&range=00
  Issue: https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8319120
  Stats: 67 lines in 2 files changed: 62 ins; 1 del; 4 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk21u/pull/392.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk21u.git pull/392/head:pull/392

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk21u/pull/392