[jdk21u] RFR: 8318889: C2: add bailout after assert Bad graph detected in build_loop_late

[Tobias Hartmann]

Backport of [JDK-8318889](https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-8318889). Applies cleanly. Fix Request is pending.

Thanks,
Tobias

-------------

Commit messages:
 - 8318889: C2: add bailout after assert Bad graph detected in build_loop_late

Changes: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk21u/pull/303/files
 Webrev: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk21u&pr=303&range=00
  Issue: https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8318889
  Stats: 8 lines in 1 file changed: 6 ins; 2 del; 0 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk21u/pull/303.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk21u.git pull/303/head:pull/303

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk21u/pull/303