[jdk17u-dev] RFR: 8321204: C2: assert(false) failed: node should be in igvn hash table

[Satyen Subramaniam]

Backporting JDK-8321204: C2: assert(false) failed: node should be in igvn hash table. Adjusts assert added by [JDK-8024070](https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8024070) and adds additional condition that `Node::hash` is non zero. Ran GHA Sanity Checks, local Tier 1 and 2 tests. Patch is not clean due to skipping the [JDK-8312218](https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8312218) (which is reverted by this commit anyway).

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Commit messages:
 - Backport d1aad71209092013a89b3b85a258dd4d2e31224a

Changes: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/3520/files
  Webrev: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk17u-dev&pr=3520&range=00
  Issue: https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8321204
  Stats: 1 line in 1 file changed: 0 ins; 0 del; 1 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/3520.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev.git pull/3520/head:pull/3520

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/3520