[jdk17u-dev] RFR: 8314611: Provide more explicative error message parsing Currencies

[Goetz Lindenmaier]

I backport this for parity with 17.0.17-oracle.

The changes to the lib code applied clean. 
In the test I resolved one chunk and replace Locale.of() which is not available in 17.

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Commit messages:
 - Backport 3c8a6678feac8e3225bc1c44593a78d9e7c4d77c

Changes: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/3734/files
  Webrev: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk17u-dev&pr=3734&range=00
  Issue: https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8314611
  Stats: 42 lines in 2 files changed: 29 ins; 0 del; 13 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/3734.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev.git pull/3734/head:pull/3734

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/3734