[jdk17u-dev] RFR: 8338428: Add logging of final VM flags while setting properties

[Goetz Lindenmaier]

I backport this for parity with 17.0.18-oracle.

Needed to resolve as  "8304888: Add dedicated VMProps for linker and fallback linker" is not in 17.

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Commit messages:
 - backport 48277018a5a3fe861ebe9bf0860a2809611fb66f

Changes: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/3922/files
  Webrev: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk17u-dev&pr=3922&range=00
  Issue: https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8338428
  Stats: 14 lines in 2 files changed: 10 ins; 0 del; 4 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/3922.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev.git pull/3922/head:pull/3922

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/3922