From xxinliu at amazon.com Sun Jun 14 08:18:20 2020 From: xxinliu at amazon.com (Liu, Xin) Date: Sun, 14 Jun 2020 08:18:20 +0000 Subject: Use external classes in @run driver Message-ID: Hi, I'd like to use some external classes in @run driver. Those classes are ?external? in the sense of directory. They locate out of my current test directory. Eg. ?@run driver jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller . .? and the class FileInstaller is here. $find ../../ -name FileInstaller.java ../../jdk/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/FileInstaller.java I am now using the latest jreg(5.2). Doc says that jtreg acts like adding an ?@build classname? before @run driver. About how to discover the classes, quote the corresponding description in Action Types/build (https://openjdk.java.net/jtreg/tag-spec.html#ACTION_TYPES), " To locate a source file for a named class, the harness takes the first matching file found by looking in the test-source directory and then in each appropriate directory of the library path list. " quote end. I don't understand the definition of library path list here. Is it the same thing as @library? I try to tell jtreg that use these two external roots in TEST.ROOT. # depends on jdk/test external.lib.roots=../../jdk ../../jdk/test/lib and also, I see that the test does have the annotation @library. * @library /vmTestbase * /test/lib * @run driver jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller . . But it doesn?t work. I still get the error message as follows. ACTION: build -- Not run. Test running... REASON: Named class compiled on demand TIME: .lib.FileInstaller seconds messages: command: build jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller reason: Named class compiled on demand TEST RESULT: Error. can't find jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller in test directory or libraries Could you educate me the right usage? Thank you in advance. --lx From jonathan.gibbons at oracle.com Mon Jun 15 14:42:41 2020 From: jonathan.gibbons at oracle.com (Jonathan Gibbons) Date: Mon, 15 Jun 2020 07:42:41 -0700 Subject: Use external classes in @run driver In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <8d9544be-5773-0274-1362-6ffbf5205f19@oracle.com> Hi, There's at least a couple of things going on here. 1. external.lib.roots is only used for library code that is outside the current test suite (i.e. outside the directory containing TEST.ROOT) ??? It provides root directories in which to resolve @library directories that begin with '/'. ??? In other words, if you have ??? ??? @library /my/lib ??? and you have ??? ??? external.lib.roots=../A ../B ??? Then jtreg will look for library files in TESTROOTDIR/my/lib, TESTROOTDIR/../A,? TESTROOTDIR/../B ??? where TESTROOTDIR is the root directory of the test suite. 2. There's something weird the output you posted: TIME: .lib.FileInstaller seconds ??? If that's what jtreg wrote, that is an unexpected error in jtreg 3. Minor: the current released version of jtreg is 5.1, as indicated by the Mercurial tag jtreg5.1-b01 ??? The default version of 5.2 in the tip changeset will be the version of the next update. -- Jon On 6/14/20 1:18 AM, Liu, Xin wrote: > Hi, > > I'd like to use some external classes in @run driver. Those classes are ?external? in the sense of directory. They locate out of my current test directory. > Eg. ?@run driver jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller . .? and the class FileInstaller is here. > $find ../../ -name FileInstaller.java > ../../jdk/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/FileInstaller.java > > I am now using the latest jreg(5.2). Doc says that jtreg acts like adding an ?@build classname? before @run driver. > About how to discover the classes, quote the corresponding description in Action Types/build (https://openjdk.java.net/jtreg/tag-spec.html#ACTION_TYPES), > " > To locate a source file for a named class, the harness takes the first matching file found by looking in the test-source directory and then in each appropriate directory of the library path list. > " > quote end. I don't understand the definition of library path list here. Is it the same thing as @library? I try to tell jtreg that use these two external roots in TEST.ROOT. > # depends on jdk/test > external.lib.roots=../../jdk ../../jdk/test/lib > > and also, I see that the test does have the annotation @library. > * @library /vmTestbase > * /test/lib > * @run driver jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller . . > > But it doesn?t work. I still get the error message as follows. > ACTION: build -- Not run. Test running... > REASON: Named class compiled on demand > TIME: .lib.FileInstaller seconds > messages: > command: build jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller > reason: Named class compiled on demand > > TEST RESULT: Error. can't find jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller in test directory or libraries > > Could you educate me the right usage? > Thank you in advance. > --lx > > From xxinliu at amazon.com Mon Jun 15 17:14:44 2020 From: xxinliu at amazon.com (Liu, Xin) Date: Mon, 15 Jun 2020 17:14:44 +0000 Subject: Use external classes in @run driver In-Reply-To: <8d9544be-5773-0274-1362-6ffbf5205f19@oracle.com> References: <8d9544be-5773-0274-1362-6ffbf5205f19@oracle.com> Message-ID: <2E0A1EB8-AD5E-4B30-A015-E58EFC6C4120@amazon.com> Hi, Jonathan, Thank you to look into it. I am using " jtreg, version 5.1 dev 821". It's not 5.2. my bad. I am working on jdk8u/hotspot + vmTestbase. You probably know that test directories are separated in jdk8u. I'd like to reuse FileInstaller.java in ../../jdk/test/lib/jdk/test/lib. Otherwise, I need a clone of tes/lib/* in hotspot/test. Do you think it's a reasonable use-case? if so, is it possible to access external classes in annotation @run? The output was written by jtreg. Something weird happened. I think I need to put FileInstaller in its classpath first. thanks, --lx ?On 6/15/20, 7:44 AM, "jtreg-use on behalf of Jonathan Gibbons" wrote: CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click links or open attachments unless you can confirm the sender and know the content is safe. Hi, There's at least a couple of things going on here. 1. external.lib.roots is only used for library code that is outside the current test suite (i.e. outside the directory containing TEST.ROOT) It provides root directories in which to resolve @library directories that begin with '/'. In other words, if you have @library /my/lib and you have external.lib.roots=../A ../B Then jtreg will look for library files in TESTROOTDIR/my/lib, TESTROOTDIR/../A, TESTROOTDIR/../B where TESTROOTDIR is the root directory of the test suite. 2. There's something weird the output you posted: TIME: .lib.FileInstaller seconds If that's what jtreg wrote, that is an unexpected error in jtreg 3. Minor: the current released version of jtreg is 5.1, as indicated by the Mercurial tag jtreg5.1-b01 The default version of 5.2 in the tip changeset will be the version of the next update. -- Jon On 6/14/20 1:18 AM, Liu, Xin wrote: > Hi, > > I'd like to use some external classes in @run driver. Those classes are ?external? in the sense of directory. They locate out of my current test directory. > Eg. ?@run driver jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller . .? and the class FileInstaller is here. > $find ../../ -name FileInstaller.java > ../../jdk/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/FileInstaller.java > > I am now using the latest jreg(5.2). Doc says that jtreg acts like adding an ?@build classname? before @run driver. > About how to discover the classes, quote the corresponding description in Action Types/build (https://openjdk.java.net/jtreg/tag-spec.html#ACTION_TYPES), > " > To locate a source file for a named class, the harness takes the first matching file found by looking in the test-source directory and then in each appropriate directory of the library path list. > " > quote end. I don't understand the definition of library path list here. Is it the same thing as @library? I try to tell jtreg that use these two external roots in TEST.ROOT. > # depends on jdk/test > external.lib.roots=../../jdk ../../jdk/test/lib > > and also, I see that the test does have the annotation @library. > * @library /vmTestbase > * /test/lib > * @run driver jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller . . > > But it doesn?t work. I still get the error message as follows. > ACTION: build -- Not run. Test running... > REASON: Named class compiled on demand > TIME: .lib.FileInstaller seconds > messages: > command: build jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller > reason: Named class compiled on demand > > TEST RESULT: Error. can't find jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller in test directory or libraries > > Could you educate me the right usage? > Thank you in advance. > --lx > > From jonathan.gibbons at oracle.com Mon Jun 15 18:05:55 2020 From: jonathan.gibbons at oracle.com (Jonathan Gibbons) Date: Mon, 15 Jun 2020 11:05:55 -0700 Subject: Use external classes in @run driver In-Reply-To: <2E0A1EB8-AD5E-4B30-A015-E58EFC6C4120@amazon.com> References: <8d9544be-5773-0274-1362-6ffbf5205f19@oracle.com> <2E0A1EB8-AD5E-4B30-A015-E58EFC6C4120@amazon.com> Message-ID: <09c5e261-ba27-7ad0-cab4-9001db5ed4af@oracle.com> Hi, Yes, this is the primary use case for external.lib.roots. You may need to adjust the order of items in external.lib.roots, especially as you seem to have an anti-pattern going on, of one library inside another, as indicated by external.lib.roots=../../jdk ../../jdk/test/lib Poking around the 8u/8u forest, the reference to ../../jdk seems questionable as that seems to indicate the the top of the jdk repo. That being said ... Poking around a bit more, I see there is 8U-FOREST/jdk/test/lib/jdk/test/lib, and that FileInstaller.java is in `package jdk.test.lib` which means that the package root for the class is 8U-FOREST/jdk/test/lib This means that you need an entry in external.lib.roots and a @library that together form the path ../../jdk/test/lib Can you find any other tests in the hotspot test repo that are using external.lib.roots?? I'm guessing maybe not, since I don't see an entry in the hotspot/test TEST.ROOT file. Separately, I will investigate why jtreg is reporting an invalid value for the number of seconds it took. -- Jon On 6/15/20 10:14 AM, Liu, Xin wrote: > Hi, Jonathan, > > Thank you to look into it. > > I am using " jtreg, version 5.1 dev 821". It's not 5.2. my bad. > > I am working on jdk8u/hotspot + vmTestbase. You probably know that test directories are separated in jdk8u. > I'd like to reuse FileInstaller.java in ../../jdk/test/lib/jdk/test/lib. Otherwise, I need a clone of tes/lib/* in hotspot/test. > > Do you think it's a reasonable use-case? if so, is it possible to access external classes in annotation @run? > > The output was written by jtreg. Something weird happened. I think I need to put FileInstaller in its classpath first. > > thanks, > --lx > > ?On 6/15/20, 7:44 AM, "jtreg-use on behalf of Jonathan Gibbons" wrote: > > CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click links or open attachments unless you can confirm the sender and know the content is safe. > > > > Hi, > > There's at least a couple of things going on here. > > 1. external.lib.roots is only used for library code that is outside the > current test suite (i.e. outside the directory containing TEST.ROOT) > It provides root directories in which to resolve @library > directories that begin with '/'. > In other words, if you have > @library /my/lib > and you have > external.lib.roots=../A ../B > Then jtreg will look for library files in TESTROOTDIR/my/lib, > TESTROOTDIR/../A, TESTROOTDIR/../B > where TESTROOTDIR is the root directory of the test suite. > > 2. There's something weird the output you posted: > TIME: .lib.FileInstaller seconds > If that's what jtreg wrote, that is an unexpected error in jtreg > > 3. Minor: the current released version of jtreg is 5.1, as indicated by > the Mercurial tag jtreg5.1-b01 > The default version of 5.2 in the tip changeset will be the version > of the next update. > > -- Jon > > > On 6/14/20 1:18 AM, Liu, Xin wrote: > > Hi, > > > > I'd like to use some external classes in @run driver. Those classes are ?external? in the sense of directory. They locate out of my current test directory. > > Eg. ?@run driver jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller . .? and the class FileInstaller is here. > > $find ../../ -name FileInstaller.java > > ../../jdk/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/FileInstaller.java > > > > I am now using the latest jreg(5.2). Doc says that jtreg acts like adding an ?@build classname? before @run driver. > > About how to discover the classes, quote the corresponding description in Action Types/build (https://openjdk.java.net/jtreg/tag-spec.html#ACTION_TYPES), > > " > > To locate a source file for a named class, the harness takes the first matching file found by looking in the test-source directory and then in each appropriate directory of the library path list. > > " > > quote end. I don't understand the definition of library path list here. Is it the same thing as @library? I try to tell jtreg that use these two external roots in TEST.ROOT. > > # depends on jdk/test > > external.lib.roots=../../jdk ../../jdk/test/lib > > > > and also, I see that the test does have the annotation @library. > > * @library /vmTestbase > > * /test/lib > > * @run driver jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller . . > > > > But it doesn?t work. I still get the error message as follows. > > ACTION: build -- Not run. Test running... > > REASON: Named class compiled on demand > > TIME: .lib.FileInstaller seconds > > messages: > > command: build jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller > > reason: Named class compiled on demand > > > > TEST RESULT: Error. can't find jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller in test directory or libraries > > > > Could you educate me the right usage? > > Thank you in advance. > > --lx > > > > > From jonathan.gibbons at oracle.com Mon Jun 15 18:18:36 2020 From: jonathan.gibbons at oracle.com (Jonathan Gibbons) Date: Mon, 15 Jun 2020 11:18:36 -0700 Subject: Use external classes in @run driver In-Reply-To: <09c5e261-ba27-7ad0-cab4-9001db5ed4af@oracle.com> References: <8d9544be-5773-0274-1362-6ffbf5205f19@oracle.com> <2E0A1EB8-AD5E-4B30-A015-E58EFC6C4120@amazon.com> <09c5e261-ba27-7ad0-cab4-9001db5ed4af@oracle.com> Message-ID: <74bd288d-4c24-7013-c367-bd246dfcc2e5@oracle.com> On 6/15/20 11:05 AM, Jonathan Gibbons wrote: > Hi, > > Yes, this is the primary use case for external.lib.roots. > > You may need to adjust the order of items in external.lib.roots, > especially as you seem to have an anti-pattern going on, of one > library inside another, as indicated by > > external.lib.roots=../../jdk ../../jdk/test/lib > > Poking around the 8u/8u forest, the reference to ../../jdk seems > questionable as that seems to indicate the the top of the jdk repo. > That being said ... > > Poking around a bit more, I see there is > 8U-FOREST/jdk/test/lib/jdk/test/lib, and that FileInstaller.java is in > `package jdk.test.lib` which means that the package root for the class > is 8U-FOREST/jdk/test/lib > > This means that you need an entry in external.lib.roots and a @library > that together form the path ../../jdk/test/lib Within the jdk repo, I believe you could or would access FileInstaller.java using `@library /lib`. With that in mind, I might recommend that in the hotspot repo, you might use `external.lib.roots = ../../jdk/test` to point to the root of the jdk repo test directory, and then use `@library /lib` in your test, the same way you would if you were writing a test in the jdk repo. -- Jon > > Can you find any other tests in the hotspot test repo that are using > external.lib.roots?? I'm guessing maybe not, since I don't see an > entry in the hotspot/test TEST.ROOT file. > > Separately, I will investigate why jtreg is reporting an invalid value > for the number of seconds it took. > > -- Jon > > > On 6/15/20 10:14 AM, Liu, Xin wrote: >> Hi, Jonathan, >> >> Thank you to look into it. >> >> I am using " jtreg, version 5.1 dev 821".? It's not 5.2.? my bad. >> >> I am working on jdk8u/hotspot + vmTestbase.? You probably know that >> test directories are separated in jdk8u. >> I'd like to reuse FileInstaller.java in >> ../../jdk/test/lib/jdk/test/lib.? Otherwise, I need a clone of >> tes/lib/* in hotspot/test. >> >> Do you think it's a reasonable use-case?? if so, is it possible to >> access external classes in annotation @run? >> >> The output was written by jtreg.? Something weird happened. I think I >> need to put FileInstaller in its classpath first. >> >> thanks, >> --lx >> >> ?On 6/15/20, 7:44 AM, "jtreg-use on behalf of Jonathan Gibbons" >> > jonathan.gibbons at oracle.com> wrote: >> >> ???? CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. >> Do not click links or open attachments unless you can confirm the >> sender and know the content is safe. >> >> >> >> ???? Hi, >> >> ???? There's at least a couple of things going on here. >> >> ???? 1. external.lib.roots is only used for library code that is >> outside the >> ???? current test suite (i.e. outside the directory containing >> TEST.ROOT) >> ????????? It provides root directories in which to resolve @library >> ???? directories that begin with '/'. >> ????????? In other words, if you have >> ????????????? @library /my/lib >> ????????? and you have >> ????????????? external.lib.roots=../A ../B >> ????????? Then jtreg will look for library files in TESTROOTDIR/my/lib, >> ???? TESTROOTDIR/../A,? TESTROOTDIR/../B >> ????????? where TESTROOTDIR is the root directory of the test suite. >> >> ???? 2. There's something weird the output you posted: >> ???? TIME: .lib.FileInstaller seconds >> ????????? If that's what jtreg wrote, that is an unexpected error in >> jtreg >> >> ???? 3. Minor: the current released version of jtreg is 5.1, as >> indicated by >> ???? the Mercurial tag jtreg5.1-b01 >> ????????? The default version of 5.2 in the tip changeset will be the >> version >> ???? of the next update. >> >> ???? -- Jon >> >> >> ???? On 6/14/20 1:18 AM, Liu, Xin wrote: >> ???? > Hi, >> ???? > >> ???? > I'd like to use some external classes in @run driver. Those >> classes are ?external? in the sense of directory.? They locate out of >> my current test directory. >> ???? > Eg. ?@run driver jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller . .?? and the >> class FileInstaller is here. >> ???? > $find ../../ -name FileInstaller.java >> ???? > ../../jdk/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/FileInstaller.java >> ???? > >> ???? > I am now using the latest jreg(5.2). Doc says that jtreg acts >> like adding an ?@build classname? before @run driver. >> ???? > About how to discover the classes, quote the corresponding >> description in Action Types/build >> (https://openjdk.java.net/jtreg/tag-spec.html#ACTION_TYPES), >> ???? > " >> ???? > To locate a source file for a named class, the harness takes >> the first matching file found by looking in the test-source directory >> and then in each appropriate directory of the library path list. >> ???? > " >> ???? > quote end. I don't understand the definition of library path >> list here.? Is it the same thing as @library? I try to tell jtreg >> that use these two external roots in TEST.ROOT. >> ???? > # depends on jdk/test >> ???? > external.lib.roots=../../jdk ../../jdk/test/lib >> ???? > >> ???? > and also, I see that the test does have the annotation @library. >> ???? > * @library /vmTestbase >> ???? > *????????? /test/lib >> ???? > * @run driver jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller . . >> ???? > >> ???? > But it doesn?t work. I still get the error message as follows. >> ???? > ACTION: build -- Not run. Test running... >> ???? > REASON: Named class compiled on demand >> ???? > TIME:?? .lib.FileInstaller seconds >> ???? > messages: >> ???? > command: build jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller >> ???? > reason: Named class compiled on demand >> ???? > >> ???? > TEST RESULT: Error. can't find jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller in >> test directory or libraries >> ???? > >> ???? > Could you educate me the right usage? >> ???? > Thank you in advance. >> ???? > --lx >> ???? > >> ???? > >> From xxinliu at amazon.com Mon Jun 15 23:21:13 2020 From: xxinliu at amazon.com (Liu, Xin) Date: Mon, 15 Jun 2020 23:21:13 +0000 Subject: Use external classes in @run driver In-Reply-To: <09c5e261-ba27-7ad0-cab4-9001db5ed4af@oracle.com> References: <8d9544be-5773-0274-1362-6ffbf5205f19@oracle.com> <2E0A1EB8-AD5E-4B30-A015-E58EFC6C4120@amazon.com> <09c5e261-ba27-7ad0-cab4-9001db5ed4af@oracle.com> Message-ID: Hi, Jonathan, Thank you! I got the idea. code and document are correct. My understanding is right. Even my initial change was right. After I delete those files in test/lib/*, I left the empty directory test/lib in hotspot/test. That's why jtreg had trouble to pick up the classes suggested from external.lib.roots and @library. Lesson learned. Thanks, --lx ?On 6/15/20, 11:21 AM, "Jonathan Gibbons" wrote: CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click links or open attachments unless you can confirm the sender and know the content is safe. Hi, Yes, this is the primary use case for external.lib.roots. You may need to adjust the order of items in external.lib.roots, especially as you seem to have an anti-pattern going on, of one library inside another, as indicated by external.lib.roots=../../jdk ../../jdk/test/lib Poking around the 8u/8u forest, the reference to ../../jdk seems questionable as that seems to indicate the the top of the jdk repo. That being said ... Poking around a bit more, I see there is 8U-FOREST/jdk/test/lib/jdk/test/lib, and that FileInstaller.java is in `package jdk.test.lib` which means that the package root for the class is 8U-FOREST/jdk/test/lib This means that you need an entry in external.lib.roots and a @library that together form the path ../../jdk/test/lib Can you find any other tests in the hotspot test repo that are using external.lib.roots? I'm guessing maybe not, since I don't see an entry in the hotspot/test TEST.ROOT file. Separately, I will investigate why jtreg is reporting an invalid value for the number of seconds it took. -- Jon On 6/15/20 10:14 AM, Liu, Xin wrote: > Hi, Jonathan, > > Thank you to look into it. > > I am using " jtreg, version 5.1 dev 821". It's not 5.2. my bad. > > I am working on jdk8u/hotspot + vmTestbase. You probably know that test directories are separated in jdk8u. > I'd like to reuse FileInstaller.java in ../../jdk/test/lib/jdk/test/lib. Otherwise, I need a clone of tes/lib/* in hotspot/test. > > Do you think it's a reasonable use-case? if so, is it possible to access external classes in annotation @run? > > The output was written by jtreg. Something weird happened. I think I need to put FileInstaller in its classpath first. > > thanks, > --lx > > On 6/15/20, 7:44 AM, "jtreg-use on behalf of Jonathan Gibbons" wrote: > > CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click links or open attachments unless you can confirm the sender and know the content is safe. > > > > Hi, > > There's at least a couple of things going on here. > > 1. external.lib.roots is only used for library code that is outside the > current test suite (i.e. outside the directory containing TEST.ROOT) > It provides root directories in which to resolve @library > directories that begin with '/'. > In other words, if you have > @library /my/lib > and you have > external.lib.roots=../A ../B > Then jtreg will look for library files in TESTROOTDIR/my/lib, > TESTROOTDIR/../A, TESTROOTDIR/../B > where TESTROOTDIR is the root directory of the test suite. > > 2. There's something weird the output you posted: > TIME: .lib.FileInstaller seconds > If that's what jtreg wrote, that is an unexpected error in jtreg > > 3. Minor: the current released version of jtreg is 5.1, as indicated by > the Mercurial tag jtreg5.1-b01 > The default version of 5.2 in the tip changeset will be the version > of the next update. > > -- Jon > > > On 6/14/20 1:18 AM, Liu, Xin wrote: > > Hi, > > > > I'd like to use some external classes in @run driver. Those classes are ?external? in the sense of directory. They locate out of my current test directory. > > Eg. ?@run driver jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller . .? and the class FileInstaller is here. > > $find ../../ -name FileInstaller.java > > ../../jdk/test/lib/jdk/test/lib/FileInstaller.java > > > > I am now using the latest jreg(5.2). Doc says that jtreg acts like adding an ?@build classname? before @run driver. > > About how to discover the classes, quote the corresponding description in Action Types/build (https://openjdk.java.net/jtreg/tag-spec.html#ACTION_TYPES), > > " > > To locate a source file for a named class, the harness takes the first matching file found by looking in the test-source directory and then in each appropriate directory of the library path list. > > " > > quote end. I don't understand the definition of library path list here. Is it the same thing as @library? I try to tell jtreg that use these two external roots in TEST.ROOT. > > # depends on jdk/test > > external.lib.roots=../../jdk ../../jdk/test/lib > > > > and also, I see that the test does have the annotation @library. > > * @library /vmTestbase > > * /test/lib > > * @run driver jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller . . > > > > But it doesn?t work. I still get the error message as follows. > > ACTION: build -- Not run. Test running... > > REASON: Named class compiled on demand > > TIME: .lib.FileInstaller seconds > > messages: > > command: build jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller > > reason: Named class compiled on demand > > > > TEST RESULT: Error. can't find jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller in test directory or libraries > > > > Could you educate me the right usage? > > Thank you in advance. > > --lx > > > > >