[master] RFR: Implement self-forwarding of objects that preserves header bits [v2]

[Roman Kennke]

> In a few places in GCs we self-forward objects to indicate promotion failures. This is problematic with Lilliput because it irreversably overrides header bits.
> 
> I propose to address this problem by using the recently-free'd biased-locking bit to indicate self-forwarding, without actually writing the ptr-to-self in the header.
> 
> A few notes:
>  - The code in g1FullGCCompactionPoint.cpp keeps degenerating into ugly mess. This certainly warrants some rewriting.
>  - We have some naked header-decodings, which get tidied-up. This could also be brought upstream.
>  - cas_forward_to() kinda duplicates forward_to_atomic(), and has been replaced by the new forward_to_self_atomic(). It could be unduplicated upstream, too.
> 
> An alternative *may be* to preserve the header of self-forwarded objects in a side-table (like PreservedMarksStack) instead. This may be possible but hairy: we could not access the compressed-klass* in the upper bits until the header gets restored. (This also affects calls to size(), etc).
> 
> The ex-biased-locking-bit may still be used in regular operation. It only acts as self-forwarding-indicator when the lower two bits are also set. It requires the usual marks-preservation if we do this.
> 
> We might want to have a discussion which project would need header bits, and how to realistically allocate them. #4522 mentions Valhalla as possible taker of the BL header bit. We may be able to free one or two bits when we compress the klass* even more. For example, we currently use 25 bits for i-hash, and 32 bits for nklass*. We usually want 32bits for i-hash instead. This would leave 25bits for nklass, which can address 268MB of Klass*-space (usual compression scheme), or 32million classes (table-lookup), or something in-between if we use fixed-size Klass (seems unrealistic though). Taking away another bit mean halving the addressable space.
> 
> (It would be kinda-nice to have the BL-bit for Shenandoah, too, and for a similar purpose: indicate evacuation failure. But we do have a working solution, however that is ugly and affects performance a little.)

Roman Kennke has updated the pull request incrementally with one additional commit since the last revision:

  Alekey's comments

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Changes:
  - all: https://git.openjdk.java.net/lilliput/pull/10/files
  - new: https://git.openjdk.java.net/lilliput/pull/10/files/e4a27baa..52062320

Webrevs:
 - full: https://webrevs.openjdk.java.net/?repo=lilliput&pr=10&range=01
 - incr: https://webrevs.openjdk.java.net/?repo=lilliput&pr=10&range=00-01

  Stats: 15 lines in 2 files changed: 0 ins; 6 del; 9 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.java.net/lilliput/pull/10.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.java.net/lilliput pull/10/head:pull/10

PR: https://git.openjdk.java.net/lilliput/pull/10