RFR: 8368528: HttpClient.Builder.connectTimeout should accept arbitrarily large values [v4]

[Volkan Yazici]

> Introduce necessary fixes to address exceptions thrown when excessive `Duration`s are provided to `Duration`-accepting `HttpClient` public APIs.

Volkan Yazici has updated the pull request with a new target base due to a merge or a rebase. The incremental webrev excludes the unrelated changes brought in by the merge/rebase. The pull request contains six additional commits since the last revision:

 - Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master' into bigDuration
 - Simplify exception handling in `Deadline::between`
   
   Co-authored-by: Daniel Fuchs <67001856+dfuch at users.noreply.github.com>
 - Move `delta == 0` in `until()` to the catch block
 - Add `DeadlineOverflowTest`
 - Fix duration overflows
 - Add `DurationOverflowTest`

-------------

Changes:
  - all: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27973/files
  - new: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27973/files/31b49b78..970754a7

Webrevs:
 - full: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=27973&range=03
 - incr: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=27973&range=02-03

  Stats: 56058 lines in 676 files changed: 29516 ins; 22197 del; 4345 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27973.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk.git pull/27973/head:pull/27973

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27973