RFR: 8366040: Change URL.lookupViaProviders to use ScopedValue to detect recursive lookup

[Volkan Yazici]

Replace `ThreadTracker` usage in `java.net.URL` with `ScopedValue` and add a test.

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Commit messages:
 - Replace `ThreadTracker` usage with `ScopedValue` in `java.net.URL`

Changes: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27623/files
  Webrev: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=27623&range=00
  Issue: https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8366040
  Stats: 84 lines in 3 files changed: 65 ins; 14 del; 5 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27623.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk.git pull/27623/head:pull/27623

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/27623