StageStyle.EXTENDED with transparent background

Thu Nov 13 14:21:03 UTC 2025

We run our applications with native materials for some time now without 
any issues.

On Windows 11, it uses the Mica material for the Stage. It automatically 
adjusts based on the system theme, so you will always have a good look 
and contrast for all theme configurations. The mica material can also be 
swtiched to the acrylic one, however the acrylic theme was primarily 
intended for Windows 10 and is being replaced by Mica for Windows 11.

On macOS, it uses the new Liquid Glass material in macOS 26 and the 
Vibrant material for older versions. With Liquid Glass you can also 
configure the tint if needed.

This can all be achieved via a few native calls with the existing 
Stages, at least with the older stage styles like Unified.

Isn't the original issue just about the extended stage style using a 
white background? I'm no expert on the implementation, but the other 
types of Stages like Unified show their background if you set the Scene 
and root node background to be transparent. Normally that window fill 
was always white anyway as JavaFX did not support window theming before, 
but if the window theme is set to something different, then that sticks 
out. Is there something fundamentally limiting so that the Extended 
stage is forced to draw a white background?

Unified:

Extended, even with DWMWA_USE_IMMERSIVE_DARK_MODE set to true:

On 13/11/2025 00:33, Michael Strauß wrote:
>> I finally got around to looking into this. I see two requests here, one to add per-pixel window transparency to EXTENDED stages and another to support backdrop materials like Windows’ Mica and Acrylic.
>>
>> On the Mac adding per-pixel transparency to all stage styles is easy. On Windows it would take a lot more work and as far as I know can’t be done with the existing DX9 back end (the necessary DirectComposition API’s are tied to DX11). We would also need to reconcile platform differences related to hit testing and drop shadows. So it’s a big ask.
> I think we can probably get there by using a WS_EX_LAYERED window like
> we do for StageStyle.TRANSPARENT, if we accept the significant
> performance impact. With DirectComposition, we can directly interface
> with the DWM composition engine and skip the GDI window surface
> completely. This requires a fair bit of integration with JavaFX that
> goes beyond changes in the Glass toolkit. However, it doesn't require
> a D3D11 rendering pipeline. It works with the existing D3D9 pipeline
> by having D3D9 render into a shared off-screen surface, which is then
> accessed by DirectComposition with ID3D11Device::OpenSharedResource.
>
>
>
>> (I know there’s a DX12 version of JavaFX in the works but it’s hard for me to get enthused. I run Windows in a VM and it’s likely to be stuck on DX11 for a long time.)
>>
>> Supporting translucent backdrop materials is simpler since we can ask the OS to draw the effect and then composite the JavaFX content over it all within an opaque window. This is how the UNIFIED stage style works so we can leverage that logic. On Mac this is easy to set up. On Windows 11 22H2 and beyond we can easily access a couple of materials. For earlier Windows versions or for a more extensive list of materials we would need to roll our own using DirectComposition.
> That's correct, it's reasonably simple to support platform-provided
> backdrop materials. Anything custom is a lot more difficult.
> I have a prototype of JavaFX with DirectComposition, along with a
> custom acrylic implementation. It's very old, and looks like this
> (running on Windows 10):
> https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/cd702a74-603a-4d7e-9078-52f915a4448a
>
> In the end, there doesn't seem to be much common ground between the
> various OS platforms for any reasonably powerful cross-platform API.
> Maybe we could have the supporting infrastructure in JavaFX, but only
> exposing API in a platform-specific module (either as part of OpenJFX
> or 3rd party)? This certainly requires quite a bit of work.
>
>
>
>> I know nothing about DirectComposition but I’m pretty sure someone on this list has used it to prototype an Acrylic effect for JavaFX. I’ll see if I can find that e-mail. I’m particularly interested in whether this can easily be turned on and off on-the-fly and how dark mode would be handled (the platform-provided materials respond to dark mode).
> I've never heard of any previous effort, and it couldn't have been me
> beacuse I haven't talked about this up util now. I'd be interested to
> learn about other attempts at solving this.
-------------- next part --------------
An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
URL: <https://mail.openjdk.org/pipermail/openjfx-dev/attachments/20251113/a2585d6f/attachment-0001.htm>
-------------- next part --------------
A non-text attachment was scrubbed...
Name: aBRzaHD5w0KvUgrJ.png
Type: image/png
Size: 282963 bytes
Desc: not available
URL: <https://mail.openjdk.org/pipermail/openjfx-dev/attachments/20251113/a2585d6f/aBRzaHD5w0KvUgrJ-0001.png>
-------------- next part --------------
A non-text attachment was scrubbed...
Name: HRrOi0IB1NCsFlHW.png
Type: image/png
Size: 208285 bytes
Desc: not available
URL: <https://mail.openjdk.org/pipermail/openjfx-dev/attachments/20251113/a2585d6f/HRrOi0IB1NCsFlHW-0001.png>