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Welcome to the final OpenJDK Quality Outreach update of 2025!</div>
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JDK 26, scheduled for General Availability on March 17, 2026, is now in Rampdown Phase One[1]. At this stage, the overall JDK 26 feature set is frozen, and only low-risk enhancements may still be considered. I would like to thank the projects that raised issues
addressed in this release: JUnit, jOOQ, PDFBox, and Maven.</div>
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You will find below the list of JEPs integrated into JDK 26. One JEP that stands out is JEP 517, which introduces HTTP/3 support to the HTTP Client API. Supporting HTTP/3 is an important advancement. It should also be noted that adding this feature to the platform
was a significant undertaking; the HTTP/3 pull request is the largest OpenJDK PR in recent years. The JDK Networking team encourages you to try out this new feature (see the related Heads-up below). Another JEP that stands out is JEP 504, as the Applet API
has finally been removed from the platform. We do not expect this to cause any disruption, as applets are no longer used and this change was announced well in advance. For more background on this effort, please refer to this article[2].</div>
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Looking ahead, the next milestone is in early February, when the first JDK 26 Release Candidate builds will be available. This means we have a few weeks, excluding the end-of-year break, to identify and hopefully address any issues your projects might encounter.
If you experience any problems with the JDK early-access builds, please let us know as soon as possible.</div>
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I will conclude this update with a quick note on JavaOne, as registration has just opened. If you plan to attend J1, please let me know. It would be great to meet in person and discuss the Quality Outreach program.</div>
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[1] https://mail.openjdk.org/pipermail/jdk-dev/2025-December/010662.html</div>
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[2] https://inside.java/2025/12/03/applet-removal/</div>
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# Heads-Up - JDK 26: HTTP/3 Support in HTTP Client API</div>
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JEP 517 introduces support for HTTP/3 in the HTTP Client API. While HTTP/3 offers similar features to HTTP/2 at the protocol level, its key distinction is that it runs over the QUIC protocol using UDP, whereas HTTP/2 and HTTP/1.1 operate over TCP.</div>
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If your code requests HTTP/3 but it is not available, the client will downgrade to HTTP/2 or HTTP/1.1 instead. However, if your code tries to enforce HTTP/3 exclusively, a failed attempt will result in an exception.</div>
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For the first request to a server, the client tries both HTTP/2 (TCP) and HTTP/3 (UDP) and uses whichever connects first. Subsequently, HttpClient uses the “Alt-Svc” mechanism to learn which protocols the server supports, so future requests can use HTTP/3 if
supported. For additional details, be sure to check these resources[3][4].</div>
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## Call to Action </div>
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Although the enhancements to the HTTP Client API appear simple on the surface, supporting HTTP/3 on top of QUIC is the result of several years of dedicated development effort by the JDK Networking team. As this implementation is still new, we encourage you
to download the JDK 26 early-access builds, try out this feature, and share your feedback on the net-dev[5] mailing list (registration required).</div>
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[3] https://inside.java/2025/10/30/quality-heads-up/</div>
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[4] https://inside.java/2025/10/22/http3-support/</div>
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[5] https://mail.openjdk.org/mailman/listinfo/net-dev</div>
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# Heads-Up - JDK 26: HttpClient Supports TLS Named Groups & Signature Schemes</div>
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Java applications can configure TLS constraints on `javax.net.ssl.SSLParameters` during the setup of new connections. However, until now, HttpClient ignored the named groups and signature schemes set on SSLParameters. Starting with JDK 26, `java.net.http.HttpClient`
preserves the signature schemes and named groups configured via SSLParameters when negotiating the TLS handshake. For more information, check this resource[6].</div>
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[6] https://inside.java/2025/11/26/quality-heads-up/</div>
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# Heads-Up - JDK 25: Consistent Behavior of 'new File("")'</div>
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On JDK 24 and earlier, the behavior of a `File` instance created from an empty string (e.g., `var file = new File("")`) was inconsistent. When queried using methods like `file.exists()` and `file.isDirectory()`, it appeared to be non-existent because both returned
false. Similarly, methods such as `canRead()` returned false, while `length()`, `lastModified()`, etc. returned 0.</div>
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When transformed into an instance representing the absolute path (e.g., `var file = new File("").getAbsoluteFile()`), the behavior changes: the previously mentioned methods now return meaningful results. This is because `new File("").getAbsoluteFile()` maps
to the current user directory, and the File API behaves accordingly. Since both `new File("")` and `new File("").getAbsoluteFile()` should represent the same file system entry, this inconsistency is jarring and can be surprising.</div>
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The newer API in `java.nio.file` avoids this issue and treats both `Path.of("")` and `Path.of("").toAbsolutePath()` as the current user directory. For example, both `Files.exists(Path.of(""))` and `Files.exists(Path.of("").toAbsolutePath())` return true.</div>
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JDK 25 fixed this long-standing inconsistency: `new File("")` now properly represents the current user directory, so for `var file = new File("")`, methods like `file.exists()` and `file.isDirectory()` return true. The `File` Javadoc[7] was updated to spell
out the intended behavior.</div>
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For more details, check JDK-8024695[8].</div>
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## Call To Action</div>
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Code that relies on the old behavior is often found in unit tests (e.g., to intentionally create non-existent files with `new File("")`) or in cases where user input is mapped to file system entries (e.g., to treat "no user entry" and "invalid user entry" the
same: as an absent file. In such cases, the change may manifest as issues related to file arguments or configuration.</div>
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While fixing such code should be straightforward, identifying it may not be, so a thorough test suite is helpful. For dependencies and tools, it is recommended to rely on their tests and statements regarding JDK 25 compatibility, as only they can address potential
issues. There is no way to restore the inconsistent behavior of JDK 24 and earlier.</div>
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[7] https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/25/docs/api/java.base/java/io/File.html</div>
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[8] https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8024695</div>
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# JDK 26 Early-Access Builds</div>
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The JDK 26 early-access builds 27 are available[9]. You can review the Release Notes here[10].</div>
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## JEPs integrated into JDK 26:</div>
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- JEP 500: Prepare to Make Final Mean Final</div>
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- JEP 504: Remove the Applet API</div>
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- JEP 516: Ahead-of-Time Object Caching with Any GC</div>
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- JEP 517: HTTP/3 for the HTTP Client API</div>
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- JEP 522: G1 GC: Improve Throughput by Reducing Synchronization</div>
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- JEP 524: PEM Encodings of Cryptographic Objects (2nd Preview)</div>
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- JEP 525: Structured Concurrency (6th Preview)</div>
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- JEP 526: Lazy Constants (2nd Preview)</div>
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- JEP 529: Vector API (11th Incubator)</div>
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- JEP 530: Primitive Types in Patterns, instanceof, and switch (4th Preview)</div>
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## Changes in recent JDK 26 builds that may be of interest:</div>
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- JDK-8208693: HttpClient: Extend the request timeout's scope to cover the response body</div>
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- JDK-8365675: Add String Unicode Case-Folding Support</div>
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- JDK-8371470: Java Launcher does not fail when running compact java-file with private no-arg constructor</div>
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- JDK-8251928: [macos] the printer DPI always be 72, cause some content lost when print out </div>
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- JDK-8268613: jar --validate should check inital entries of a JAR file </div>
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- JDK-8366424: Missing type profiling in generated Record Object methods</div>
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- JDK-8347831: Re-examine version check when cross linking </div>
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- JDK-8373023: Remove the default value of InitialRAMPercentage </div>
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- JDK-8325448: Hybrid Public Key Encryption </div>
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- JDK-8353749: Improve security warning when using JKS or JCEKS keystores </div>
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- JDK-8368527: JMX: Add an MXBeans method to query GC CPU time </div>
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- JDK-8371960: Missing null check in AnnotatedType annotation accessor methods </div>
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- JDK-8349732: Add support for JARs signed with ML-DSA </div>
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<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">- JDK-8371259: ML-DSA AVX2 and AVX512 intrinsics and improvements</span><br>
<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">- JDK-8346944: Update Unicode Data Files to 17.0.0 </span></div>
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- JDK-8354548: Update CLDR to Version 48.0 </div>
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- JDK-8369517: Compilation mismatch for equivalent lambda and method reference </div>
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- JDK-8370813: Deprecate AggressiveHeap </div>
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- JDK-8370843: Deprecate AlwaysActAsServerClassMachine and NeverActAsServerClassMachine </div>
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- JDK-8366577: Deprecate java.net.Socket::setPerformancePreferences </div>
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- JDK-8212084: G1: Implement UseGCOverheadLimit </div>
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- JDK-8368856: Add a method that performs saturating addition of a Duration to an Instant </div>
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- JDK-8343232: Support for PBMAC1 protection on PKCS12 keystores</div>
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- JDK-8369346: Remove default value of and deprecate the MaxRAM flag</div>
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- JDK-8362637: Convert java.nio.ByteOrder to an enum </div>
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- JDK-8369238: Allow virtual thread preemption on some common class initialization paths </div>
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- JDK-8364361: [process] java.lang.Process should implement Closeable </div>
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- JDK-8334015: Add Support for UUID Version 7 (UUIDv7) defined in RFC 9562 </div>
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- JDK-8366575: Remove SDP support </div>
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- JDK-8370387: Remove handling of InterruptedIOException from java.io classes </div>
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- JDK-7105350: HttpExchange's attributes are the same as HttpContext's attributes</div>
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- JDK-8370057: Correct scale handling of BigDecimal.sqrt </div>
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- JDK-8358942: HttpClient adds Content-Length: 0 for a GET request with a BodyPublishers.noBody() </div>
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Note: A more exhaustive list of changes can be found here[11].</div>
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[9] https://jdk.java.net/26/</div>
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[10] https://jdk.java.net/26/release-notes</div>
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[11] https://github.com/openjdk/jdk/compare/jdk-26+20...jdk-26+27</div>
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# Valhalla Early-Access Builds</div>
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Project Valhalla early-access builds implementing JEP 401 (Value Classes and Objects (Preview)) are available[12]. The goal of these builds is to establish a milestone and solicit feedback as we work toward integrating this functionality into the JDK. More
information can be found in the feature documentation[13], in this article[14], and in this video[15]. Feedback can be sent to the valhalla-dev mailing[16] list (registration required).</div>
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[12] https://jdk.java.net/valhalla/</div>
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[13] https://openjdk.org/projects/valhalla/value-objects</div>
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[14] https://inside.java/2025/10/27/try-jep-401-value-classes/</div>
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[15] https://youtu.be/Eua3nTkye2Y</div>
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[16] https://mail.openjdk.org/mailman/listinfo/valhalla-dev</div>
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# JavaFX Direct3D 12 Early-Access Builds</div>
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The early-access JavaFX builds implementing the new Direct3D 12 graphics rendering pipeline for Windows x64 are now available[17]. The goal of this EA build is to solicit feedback as we work toward integrating this functionality into JavaFX. Feedback can be
sent to the openjfx-dev[18] mailing list (registration required).</div>
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[17] https://jdk.java.net/javafxdirect3d12/</div>
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[18] https://mail.openjdk.org/mailman/listinfo/openjfx-dev</div>
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# Topics of Interest</div>
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- All Features in Java 26 - Inside Java Newscast</div>
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https://inside.java/2025/12/04/newscast-102/</div>
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- Java 26 Warns of Deep Reflection - Inside Java Newscast</div>
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https://inside.java/2025/11/20/newscast-101/</div>
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- HTTP/3 Support in JDK 26</div>
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https://inside.java/2025/10/22/http3-support/</div>
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- So Long and Thanks for All the Applets</div>
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https://inside.java/2025/12/03/applet-removal/</div>
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- “From Cowboy Mode to Careful Stewardship” with Mark Reinhold - Inside Java Podcast</div>
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https://inside.java/2025/10/27/podcast-041/</div>
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- “Amber & Valhalla - Incremental Design and Feature Arcs” with Brian Goetz - Inside Java Podcast</div>
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https://inside.java/2025/09/28/podcast-040/</div>
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- Value Classes Heap Flattening - What to expect from JEP 401 #JVMLS</div>
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https://inside.java/2025/10/31/jvmls-jep-401/</div>
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- Help, My Java Object Vanished (and the GC is Not at Fault)</div>
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https://arraying.de/posts/markword/</div>
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- Symbolic Modeling and Transformation of Java Code #JVMLS</div>
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https://inside.java/2025/11/22/jvmls-symbolic-modelling-java-transformation/</div>
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- Beyond the Vector API - A Quest for a Lower Level API #JVMLS</div>
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https://inside.java/2025/11/16/jvmls-vector-api/</div>
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- Serialization 2.0: A Marshalling Update!</div>
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https://inside.java/2025/11/10/devoxxbelgium-serialization2-0-marshalling-update/</div>
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- Pulling the (Foreign) String</div>
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https://cr.openjdk.org/~mcimadamore/panama/strings_ffm.html</div>
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- NUMA-Aware Relocation in ZGC</div>
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https://joelsiks.com/posts/zgc-numa-aware-relocation/</div>
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- Garbage Collection in Java: Choosing the Correct Collector</div>
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https://inside.java/2025/11/29/devoxxbelgium-choose-correct-gc/</div>
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- Evolving ZGC's Pointer Color Palette #JVMLS</div>
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https://inside.java/2025/10/06/jvmls-zgc-colored-pointers/</div>
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- Three Upcoming G1 Improvements</div>
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https://inside.java/2025/10/23/newscast-99/</div>
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- JDK 25 Security Enhancements</div>
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https://seanjmullan.org/blog/2025/09/23/jdk25</div>
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- Performance Improvements in JDK 25</div>
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https://inside.java/2025/10/20/jdk-25-performance-improvements/</div>
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~</div>
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As always, ping me if you find any issues while testing your project(s) with the latest JDK early-access builds. And as the year-end is fast approaching, let me wish you all the best for the upcoming holidays. See you in 2026 with Java 26, Java 27, and hopefully
some of you in person at JavaOne 2026!</div>
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PS: Please let me know if you don't want to receive these OpenJDK Quality Outreach updates anymore.</div>
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--David</div>
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