RFR: 8373266: Strengthen constant CardTable base accesses

[Aleksey Shipilev]

Shenandoah and G1 are using CardTable for most of its infrastructure, but flip the card tables as they go, and maintain the actual card table reference in TLS. As such, accessing card table base from assembler and compilers runs into risk of accidentally encoding the wrong card table base in generated code. 

Most of the current code avoids this trouble by carefully implementing their GC barriers to avoid touching shared parts where card table base constness is assumed. _Except_ for JVMCI, that reads the card table base for G1 barrier set, and that is wrong. The JVMCI users would need to rectify this downstream.

Shenandoah added a few asserts to catch these errors:
 SHENANDOAHGC_ONLY(assert(!UseShenandoahGC, "Shenandoah byte_map_base is not constant.");)

...but G1 would also benefit from the similar safety mechanism.

This PR strengthens the code to prevent future accidents.

Additional testing:
 - [x] Linux x86_64 server fastdebug, `hotspot_gc`
 - [x] Linux x86_64 server fastdebug, `tier1` with Serial, Parallel, G1, Shenandoah, Z
 - [x] Linux AArch64 server fastdebug, `tier1` with Serial, Parallel, G1, Shenandoah, Z
 - [x] GHA, cross-compilation only

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Commit messages:
 - Another build fix
 - Fix Minimal builds
 - Shenandoah non-generational can have nullptr card table
 - Also simplify CTBS builder
 - CI should also mention "const"
 - Fix JVMCI by answering proper things
 - Merge branch 'master' into JDK-8373266-cardtable-asserts
 - More fixes

Changes: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/28703/files
  Webrev: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=28703&range=00
  Issue: https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8373266
  Stats: 99 lines in 15 files changed: 35 ins; 25 del; 39 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/28703.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk.git pull/28703/head:pull/28703

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/28703