RFR: 8335451: Prototype support for an exact integer arithmetic type [v2]

[Joe Darcy]

> The Math class has support for "exact" forms of int and long add, subtract, multiply, and divide that throw exceptions instead of wrapping around in a two's complement sense. This nested class in Integer prototype what adding type-level support for that functionality would look like.

Joe Darcy has updated the pull request with a new target base due to a merge or a rebase. The incremental webrev excludes the unrelated changes brought in by the merge/rebase. The pull request contains two additional commits since the last revision:

 - Merge branch 'type-classes' into JDK-8335451
 - 8335451: Prototype support for an exact integer arithmetic type

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Changes:
  - all: https://git.openjdk.org/valhalla/pull/1937/files
  - new: https://git.openjdk.org/valhalla/pull/1937/files/b0c6c4f3..15efdf80

Webrevs:
 - full: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=valhalla&pr=1937&range=01
 - incr: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=valhalla&pr=1937&range=00-01

  Stats: 2501 lines in 25 files changed: 2433 ins; 5 del; 63 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/valhalla/pull/1937.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/valhalla.git pull/1937/head:pull/1937

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/valhalla/pull/1937