Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() can report wrong values when collector is CMS?

ahmet mırçık ahmetmircik at gmail.com
Sat Jun 18 22:21:04 UTC 2016


Hi,

I am running a test which is trying to log memory info. when
free-heap-percentage is under a certain threshold. But noticed that when
heap is around `-XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction`,
Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() can report wrong values when compared to
memory info from GC logs. It reports as if whole heap is nearly occupied,
but actually there exists lots of free-memory. Issue is observable for a
short-time period. Later it starts to report expected values. (Also tried
my test with G1 defaults and Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() reported as
expected)

Issue is easily visible on large heaps.

Is my assumption correct? Can Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() report
wrong free-memory info for a while? Or how can we explain this situation?

Here is my test and how i run it from command line:

[PROBLEMATIC RUN WITH CMS]--> java -verbose:gc -Xms60G -Xmx60G
-XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=2 -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC
-XX:+UseParNewGC -cp target/free-memory-issue-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
FreeMemory

[OK RUN WITH G1]--> java -verbose:gc  -Xms60G -Xmx60G -XX:+UseG1GC -cp
target/free-memory-issue-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar FreeMemory

public class FreeMemory {

    static final int MB = 1024 * 1024;
    static final String MESSAGE = "runtime.maxMemory=%d%s,
runtime.totalMemory=%d%s, runtime.freeMemory=%d%s," +
            " runtime.usedMemory=%d%s, runTime.availableMemory=%d%s,
freeHeapPercentage=%.2f";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        final ConcurrentHashMap map = new ConcurrentHashMap();

        Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
        int availableProcessors = runtime.availableProcessors();
        int threadCount = availableProcessors * 4;

        ArrayList<Thread> threads = new ArrayList<Thread>();

        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
            threads.add(new Thread(new Runnable() {

                @Override
                public void run() {
                    Random random = new Random();
                    while (true) {
                        byte[] value = new byte[1024];
                        random.nextBytes(value);

                        map.put(random.nextInt(), value);

                        if (hasReachedMinFreeHeapPercentage(12)) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }));
        }

        for (Thread thread : threads) {
            thread.start();
        }

        for (Thread thread : threads) {
            thread.join();
        }

        out.print("\n\n\nEnd of run...now we expect to see actual
used-memory value\n");

        while (true) {
            printCurrentMemoryInfo();
            parkNanos(SECONDS.toNanos(5));
        }
    }

    static boolean hasReachedMinFreeHeapPercentage(int minFreeHeapPercentage) {
        Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();

        long maxMemory = runtime.maxMemory();
        long totalMemory = runtime.totalMemory();
        long freeMemory = runtime.freeMemory();
        long availableMemory = freeMemory + (maxMemory - totalMemory);
        double freeHeapPercentage = 100D * availableMemory / maxMemory;

        if (freeHeapPercentage < minFreeHeapPercentage) {
            String unit = "M";
            out.println(format(MESSAGE, toMB(maxMemory), unit,
toMB(totalMemory), unit, toMB(freeMemory), unit,
                    toMB(totalMemory - freeMemory), unit,
toMB(availableMemory), unit, freeHeapPercentage));
            return true;
        }

        return false;
    }

    static void printCurrentMemoryInfo() {
        Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();

        long maxMemory = runtime.maxMemory();
        long totalMemory = runtime.totalMemory();
        long freeMemory = runtime.freeMemory();
        long availableMemory = freeMemory + (maxMemory - totalMemory);
        double freeHeapPercentage = 100D * availableMemory / maxMemory;

        String unit = "M";
        out.println(format(MESSAGE, toMB(maxMemory), unit,
toMB(totalMemory), unit, toMB(freeMemory), unit,
                toMB(totalMemory - freeMemory), unit,
toMB(availableMemory), unit, freeHeapPercentage));
    }

    static int toMB(long bytes) {
        return (int) Math.rint(bytes / MB);
    }
}

Java version:

openjdk version "1.8.0_91"

OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_91-8u91-b14-0ubuntu4~14.04-b14)

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.91-b14, mixed mode)

OS info:

Linux version 3.13.0-74-generic (buildd at lcy01-07) (gcc version 4.8.2
(Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ) #118-Ubuntu SMP Thu Dec 17 22:52:10 UTC 2015

Distributor ID: Ubuntu

Description: Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS

Release: 14.04


Thanks in advance,
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