[jdk17u-dev] RFR: 8318183: C2: VM may crash after hitting node limit

[Aleksey Shipilev]

Semi-clean backport to solve a potential VM crash due to C2 failing.

The uncleanliness comes from two places:

 1. In `Compile::Optimize()`, we do not have the new hunk from [JDK-8286104](https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8286104):  https://github.com/openjdk/jdk/commit/31e50f2c7642b046dc9ea1de8ec245dcbc4e1926#diff-f076857d7da81f56709da3de1511b1105727032186cde4d02c678667761f46eaR2247-R2248 -- so no return is needed.
 2. In `PhaseIdealLoop::verify`, we do not have the rewrites from [JDK-8173709](https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8173709): https://github.com/openjdk/jdk/commit/24c6af0637631153707615932f1f10ced4e5c0e8#diff-d49652d43244d52415873c37bf6990269b0d6e2f2111f4f971660470b6bca738R4653-R4657 -- so I had to resolve the conflict by hand.

Additional testing:
 - [x] Linux x86_64 server fastdebug `tier{1,2,3}`
 - [x] Linux AArch64 server fastdebug `tier{1,2,3}`

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Commit messages:
 - Backport 31ef400f31b1fd9a861870cce69f6d3eec72aa46

Changes: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/2044/files
 Webrev: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk17u-dev&pr=2044&range=00
  Issue: https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8318183
  Stats: 25 lines in 8 files changed: 21 ins; 0 del; 4 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/2044.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev.git pull/2044/head:pull/2044

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk17u-dev/pull/2044