RFR: 8359388: Stricter checking for cipher transformations [v4]

[Valerie Peng]

> Based on the javadoc of `javax.crypto.Cipher` class, the cipher transformation should be either "algorithm/mode/padding" or
> "algorithm". When parsing the transformation, space(s) is trimmed off and empty strings are considered as "unspecified". This PR adds checks to ensure that transformations with empty "mode" and/or "padding" value in the "algorithm/mode/padding" form leads to `NoSuchAlgorithmException`. This reverts some changes made in [https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8358159](https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8358159) which allows empty mode and/or padding in the transformations.
> 
> 
> Thanks in advance for the review~

Valerie Peng has updated the pull request incrementally with one additional commit since the last revision:

  Updated test per 2nd round of Mikhail's review comments.

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Changes:
  - all: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/25808/files
  - new: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/25808/files/0cb41982..7d9e36b8

Webrevs:
 - full: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=25808&range=03
 - incr: https://webrevs.openjdk.org/?repo=jdk&pr=25808&range=02-03

  Stats: 12 lines in 1 file changed: 6 ins; 1 del; 5 mod
  Patch: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/25808.diff
  Fetch: git fetch https://git.openjdk.org/jdk.git pull/25808/head:pull/25808

PR: https://git.openjdk.org/jdk/pull/25808